diff --git a/apps/web/src/components/features/terminal/terminal.tsx b/apps/web/src/components/features/terminal/terminal.tsx
index 6ffd0c5..43b265b 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/components/features/terminal/terminal.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/src/components/features/terminal/terminal.tsx
@@ -363,34 +363,32 @@ export const TerminalComponent = React.forwardRef<TerminalRef, TerminalProps>(
 				let startY = 0;
 				let startX = 0;
 				let isScrolling = false;
-				let scrollPending = 0;
-				const WHEEL_DISTANCE = 12;
-
-				const flushScroll = (force = false) => {
-					if (scrollPending === 0) return;
-					if (!force && Math.abs(scrollPending) < WHEEL_DISTANCE) return;
-					const direction = Math.sign(scrollPending);
-					const steps = Math.max(
-						1,
-						Math.floor(Math.abs(scrollPending) / WHEEL_DISTANCE),
-					);
-					const ws = wsRef.current;
-					if (ws?.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN && termRef.current) {
-						const buf = termRef.current.buffer.active;
-						const col = buf.cursorX + 1;
-						const row = buf.cursorY + 1;
-						const btn = direction > 0 ? 64 : 65;
-						for (let i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
-							ws.send(`\x1b[<${btn};${col};${row}M`);
-						}
+				let debugOverlay: HTMLDivElement | null = null;
+				const showDebug = (msg: string) => {
+					if (!debugOverlay) {
+						debugOverlay = document.createElement("div");
+						debugOverlay.style.position = "fixed";
+						debugOverlay.style.bottom = "120px";
+						debugOverlay.style.left = "8px";
+						debugOverlay.style.right = "8px";
+						debugOverlay.style.zIndex = "9999";
+						debugOverlay.style.background = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";
+						debugOverlay.style.color = "#0f0";
+						debugOverlay.style.fontFamily = "monospace";
+						debugOverlay.style.fontSize = "11px";
+						debugOverlay.style.padding = "8px";
+						debugOverlay.style.borderRadius = "6px";
+						debugOverlay.style.pointerEvents = "none";
+						debugOverlay.style.whiteSpace = "pre-wrap";
+						debugOverlay.style.maxHeight = "120px";
+						debugOverlay.style.overflow = "auto";
+						document.body.appendChild(debugOverlay);
 					}
-					scrollPending = 0;
-				};
-
-				const isAlternateScreen = () => {
-					const term = termRef.current;
-					if (!term) return false;
-					return term.buffer.active === term.buffer.alternate;
+					const line = `${new Date().toLocaleTimeString()} ${msg}`;
+					debugOverlay.textContent =
+						line +
+						"\n" +
+						debugOverlay.textContent?.split("\n").slice(0, 8).join("\n");
 				};
 
 				const onTouchStart = (e: TouchEvent) => {
@@ -398,7 +396,6 @@ export const TerminalComponent = React.forwardRef<TerminalRef, TerminalProps>(
 						startY = e.touches[0].clientY;
 						startX = e.touches[0].clientX;
 						isScrolling = false;
-						scrollPending = 0;
 					}
 				};
 				const onTouchMove = (e: TouchEvent) => {
@@ -406,6 +403,7 @@ export const TerminalComponent = React.forwardRef<TerminalRef, TerminalProps>(
 					const touch = e.touches[0];
 					const deltaY = startY - touch.clientY;
 					const deltaX = Math.abs(startX - touch.clientX);
+					showDebug(`move dy=${deltaY.toFixed(0)} dx=${deltaX.toFixed(0)} scrolling=${isScrolling}`);
 
 					// Decide early whether this is a vertical scroll gesture.
 					if (!isScrolling) {
@@ -415,32 +413,34 @@ export const TerminalComponent = React.forwardRef<TerminalRef, TerminalProps>(
 					}
 					if (!isScrolling) return;
 
-					// Take over the gesture so the page/toolbar never scrolls.
+					// Take over the gesture so the browser never scrolls the
+					// page or the terminal canvas. We synthesize wheel events
+					// and dispatch them into xterm.js, which already handles
+					// both normal buffer scrolling and alternate-screen apps
+					// (tmux/vim) correctly.
 					e.preventDefault();
 
-					if (isAlternateScreen()) {
-						// Alternate screen (tmux/vim): accumulate the swipe and
-						// send SGR 1006 mouse-wheel events in steps.
-						scrollPending += deltaY;
-						flushScroll();
-					} else if (termRef.current) {
-						// Normal buffer: let xterm.js scroll its own viewport by
-						// the number of lines corresponding to the swipe distance.
-						const lineHeight =
-							termRef.current.options.fontSize != null
-								? (termRef.current.options.fontSize as number) * 1.2
-								: 10;
-						const lines = Math.round(deltaY / lineHeight);
-						if (lines !== 0) {
-							termRef.current.scrollLines(lines);
-						}
+					const target = container.querySelector(".xterm-viewport") as
+						| HTMLElement
+						| null;
+					if (target) {
+						showDebug(`dispatch wheel deltaY=${deltaY.toFixed(0)}`);
+						const wheel = new WheelEvent("wheel", {
+							deltaY,
+							deltaX: 0,
+							deltaZ: 0,
+							clientX: touch.clientX,
+							clientY: touch.clientY,
+							screenX: touch.screenX,
+							screenY: touch.screenY,
+							bubbles: true,
+							cancelable: true,
+						});
+						target.dispatchEvent(wheel);
 					}
 					startY = touch.clientY;
 				};
 				const onTouchEnd = () => {
-					if (isScrolling) {
-						flushScroll(true);
-					}
 					isScrolling = false;
 				};